Experiencing Life - Teleostomi

34-V
TELEOSTOMI
Teleostei

Clown Knifefish (Notopterus chitala)

Chapter Outline

Sources

NCBI Tree | Paleo Tree

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Teleostei splits into Elopocephalai and Osteoglossocephalai. There are four orders in Elopocephalai. Osteoglossocephalai splits into Osteoglossocephala and Clupeocephala. There are two orders in Osteoglossocephala. Clupeocephala splits into Otomorpha and Euteleosteomorpha. Euteleosteomorpha will be explored in the following pages. Otomorpha further splits into two orders plus Ostariophysi. Ostariophysi contains the order Gonorhynchiformes and the group Otophysa. Otophysa splits into the order Cypriniformes and the group Characiphysae, which contains three orders.

Elopocephalai
- Elopocephala
  - Elopomorpha
    - Albuliformes - Bone Fishes
    - Anguilliformes - Eels
    - Elopiformes - Tarpons
    - Notacanthiformes - Spiny Eels
Osteoglossocephalai
- Osteoglossocephala
  - Osteoglossomorpha
    - Hiodontiformes
    - Osteoglossiformes - Bonytongues, etc.
- Clupeocephala (34-V-B)
  - Otomorpha
    - Alepocephaliformes
    - Clupeiformes - Herrings, etc.
    - Ostariophysi
      - Gonorhychiformes - Shellears, etc.
      - Otophysa
        
        Cypriniformes - Suckers, etc.
        Characiphysae (34-V-C)
        
        Characiformes - Tetras, Piranhas, etc.
        Gymnotiformes - Electric Eels, etc.
        Siluriformes - Catfishes
  - Euteleosteomorpha (page 34-VI)

ALBULIFORMES - BONEFISHES

TEXT

FAMILY ALBULIDAE

Bonefish (Albula vulpes) - EOL IUCN Map - Florida Keys, Springfield Wildlife Museum

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ANGUILLIFORMES - EELS

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FAMILY PROTOANGUILLIDAE -

Palauan Primitive Cave Eel (Protanguilla palau) - EOL

SUBORDER ANGUILLOIDEI

FAMILY ANGUILLIDAE - FRESHWATER EELS
- American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) - EOL - Chesapeake, Shedd Aquarium, Adirondacks, Kansas
FAMILY HETERENCHELYIDAE - MUD EELS
- Pacific Mud Eel (Pythonichthys asodes) - EOL
FAMILY MORINGUIDAE - SPAGHETTI EELS
- Spaghetti Eels (Moringua spp.) - EOL

SUBORDER CONGROIDEI

FAMILY COLOCONGRIDAE - SHORTTAIL CONGER EELS
- Colocongrids (Coloconger spp.) - EOL
FAMILY CONGRIDAE - CONGER EELS
- Spotted Garden Eel (Heteroconger bassi) - Shedd Aquarium
FAMILY DERICHTHYIDAE - LONGNECK EELS
- Longneck Eels (Derichthys spp.) - EOL
FAMILY MURAENESOCIDAE - PIKE CONGERS
- Pike Conger (Cynoponticus sp.) - EOL
FAMILY NEMICHTHYIDAE - SNIPE EELS
- Slender Snipe Eel (Nemichthys scolopaceus) - EOL
FAMILY NETTASTOMATIDAE - DUCKBILL EELS
- Duckbill Eel (Leptocephalus sp.) - EOL
FAMILY OPHICHTHIDAE - SNAKE EELS
- () -
FAMILY SERRIVOMERIDAE - SAWTOOTH EELS
- () -
FAMILY SYNAPHOBRANCHIDAE - CUTTHROAT EELS
- () -

SUBORDER MURAENOIDEI

FAMILY CHLOPSIDAE - FALSE MORAYS
- False Morays -
FAMILY MURAENIDAE - MORAY EELS
- Green Moray Eel (Gymnothorax funebris) - EOL - Florida Keys
- Zebra Moray (Gymnomuraena zebra) - Monterey Bay Aquarium
- California Moray Eel (Gymnothorax mordax) - Monterey Bay Aquarium
- Various Moray Eels - Florida Keys, Omaha Zoo, Shedd Aquarium
FAMILY MYROCONGRIDAE
- Red Eel (Myroconger spp.) - EOL

SUBORDER SACCOPHARYNGOIDEI

FAMILY CYEMATIDAE - BOBTAIL SNIPE EELS
- () -
FAMILY EURYPHARYNGIDAE - GULPERS
- Gulper Eel (Eurypharynx pelecanoides) - EOL
FAMILY MONOGNATHIDAE - ONEJAWS
- () -
FAMILY SACCOPHARYNGIDAE - SWALLOWERS
- () -

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ELOPIFORMES

TEXT

FAMILY ELOPIDAE - TENPOUNDERS

Tenpounder (Elops machnata) - EOL

FAMILY MEGALOPIDAE - TARPONS

Tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) - EOL - (Florida Keys, Florida Aquarium, Shedd Aquarium)

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NOTACANTHIFORMES - SPINY EELS

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FAMILY HALOSAURIDAE - HALOSAURS

Halosaurs (Halosaurus sp.) - EOL

FAMILY NOTACANTHIDAE

Spiny Eels (Notacanthus spp.) - EOL - (Worldwide Deep Sea, depths of 125-2500m, temperate zones)

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HIODONTIFORMES

TEXT

FAMILY HIODONTIDAE - MOONEYES

Mooneyes (Hiodon spp.) - EOL - (Kansas)

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OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES

TEXT

SUBORDER NOTOPTEROIDEI

SUPERFAMILY MORMYROIDEA
- FAMILY GYMNNARCHIDAE
  
  Freashwater Rat-Tail (Gymnarchus niloticus) - EOL
- FAMILY MORMYRIDAE - ELEPHANTFISHES
  - Elephant Fish (Gnathonemus petersii) - EOL
SUPERFAMILY NOTOPTEROIDEA
- FAMILY NOTOPTERIDAE - FEATHERBACKS
  - Clown Knifefish (Notopterus chitala) - NOAH EOL NCBI - SCZ

SUBORDER OSTEOGLOSSOIDEI

FAMILY OSTEOGLOSSIDAE - BONY TONGUES
- Arawanas (Osteoglossum spp.) - EOL - (Milwaukee Zoo, Omaha Zoo, Baltimore Aquarium)
- Arapaima (Arapaima gigas) - EOL - Omaha Zoo
FAMILY PANTODONTIDAE - BUTTERFLYFISH
- Freshwater Butterfly Fish (Pantodon buchholzi) - EOL

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ALEPOCEPHALIFORMES

The order Alepocephaliformes...

FAMILY ALEPOCEPHALIDAE - SLICKHEADS

Agassiz' Slickhead (Alepocephalus agassizii) - EOL

FAMILY LEPTOCHILICHTHYIDAE

() -

FAMILY PLATYTROCTIDAE - TUBESHOULDERS

() -

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CLUPEIFORMES

TEXT

FAMILY CHIROCENTRIDAE

() -

FAMILY CLUPEIDAE - HERRINGS, SHADS

Skipjack Herring (Alosa chrysochloris) - EOL - (Kansas)
Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) - EOL - (Kansas)
Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus) - EOL

FAMILY DENTICIPITIDAE

() -

FAMILY ENGRAULIDAE - TRIP 2

Common Anchovies (Anchoa spp.) - EOL - (Florida Keys)
Northern Anchovy (Engraulis mordax) - EOL

FAMILY PRISTIGASTERIDAE

() -

FAMILY SUNDASALANGIDAE - SUNDALAND NOODLEFISHES

Dwarf Noodlefish (Sundasalanx praecox) - EOL

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GONORYNCHIFORMES

TEXT

SUBORDER CHANOIDEI

FAMILY CHANIDAE

Milkfish (Chanos chanos) - EOL - (Shedd Aquarium)

SUBORDER GONORYNCHOIDEI

FAMILY GONORYNCHIDAE -
- Beaked Salmons (Gonorynchus spp.) - EOL
FAMILY KNERIIDAE -
- Shellears (Kneria spp.) - EOL
FAMILY PHRACTOLAEMIDAE -
- Hingemouth (Phractolaemus ansorgii)

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CYPRINIFORMES

TEXT

SUPERFAMILY COBITOIDEA

FAMILY BALITORIDAE - HILLSTREAM LOACHES

() -

FAMILY CATOSTOMIDAE - SUCKERS

Redhorses (Moxostoma spp.) - EOL - (Kansas)
Buffalos (Ictiobus spp.) - EOL - (Kansas)
Carpsuckers (Carpiodes spp.) - EOL - (Kansas)
FAMILY COBITIDAE - LOACHES
- () -
FAMILY GYRINOCHEILIDAE - ALGAE EATERS
- Algae Eaters (Gyrinocheilus spp.) - EOL

SUPERFAMILY CYPRINOIDEA

FAMILY CYPRINIDAE
- Goldfish (Carassius auratus) - EOL - (Common Aquarium Fish)
- Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) - EOL
- Common Shiner (Luxilus cornutus) - EOL - (Shedd Aquarium, Baltimore Aquarium)
- Topeka Shiner (Notropis topeka) - EOL - (Kansas)

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CHARACIFORMES

TEXT

FAMILY ACESTRORHYNCHIDAE - SMALLSCALE PIKE CHARACINS

Characins (Acestrorhynchus falcatus ) - EOL

FAMILY ALESTIDAE

Yellowtail Tetra (Alestopetersius caudalis) - EOL - (Shedd Aquarium)

FAMILY ANOSTOMIDAE - HEADSTANDERS

() -

FAMILY CHARACIDAE - CHARACINS

Piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri) - NOAH EOL - Peru, (Shedd Aquarium, Milwaukee Zoo)
Neon Tetra (Paracheirodon innesi) - EOL - (Common Aquarium Fish)
Cardinal Tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi) - EOL - (Common Aquarium Fish)

FAMILY CHILODONTIDAE

Spotted Headstander (Chilodus punctatus) - EOL

FAMILY CITHARINIDAE - CITHARINES

() -

FAMILY CRENUCHIDAE - SOUTH AMERICAN DARTERS

() -

FAMILY CTENOLUCIIDAE - PIKE-CHARACIDS

() -

FAMILY CURIMATIDAE - CURIMATAS

() -

FAMILY CYNODONTIDAE - DOGTEETH TETRAS

() -

FAMILY DISTICHODONTIDAE

() -

FAMILY ERYTHRINIDAE - TRAHIRAS

() -

FAMILY GASTEROPELECIDAE - FRESHWATER HATCHETFISHES

Marbled Hatchetfish (Carnegiella strigata) - EOL

FAMILY HEMIODONTIDAE - HEMIODUSES

() -

FAMILY HEPSETIDAE

Kafue Pike (Hepsetus odoe) - EOL - (Africa)

FAMILY LEBIASINIDAE - PENCILFISHES, PYRRHULINAS

() -

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GYMNOTIFORMES

TEXT

FAMILY APTERONOTIDAE - GHOST KNIFEFISHES

Tube-Snouted Ghost Knifefish (Sternarchorhynchus mesensis) - EOL

FAMILY EIGENMANNIIDAE

() -

FAMILY ELECTROPHORIDAE

Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) - EOL - (Baltimore Aquarium)

FAMILY GYMNOTIDAE - NAKED-BACK KNIFEFISHES

Naked-Back Knifefishes (Gymnotis spp.) - EOL

FAMILY STERNOPYGIDAE

() -

SUPERFAMILY RHAMPHICHTHYOIDEA

FAMILY HYPOPOMIDAE
- () -
FAMILY RHAMPHICHTHYIDAE
- () -

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SILURIFORMES - CATFISHES

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FAMILY AKYSIDAE - STREAM CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY AMBLYCIPITIDAE - TORRENT CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY AMPHILIIDAE - LOACH CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY ANCHARIIDAE

() -

FAMILY ARIIDAE - SEA CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY ASPREDINIDAE - BANJO CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY ASTROBLEPIDAE

() -

FAMILY AUCHENIPTERIDAE - BARBLESS CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY BAGRIDAE - BAGRID CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY CALLICHTHYIDAE - CALLICHTHYID ARMORED CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY CETOPSIDAE - WHALELIKE CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY CHACIDAE - SQUAREHEAD CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY CLARIIDAE - AIRBREATHING CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY CRANOGLANIDIDAE - ARMORHEAD CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY DIPLOMYSTIDAE - DIPLOMYSTID CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY DORADIDAE - THORNY CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY ERETHISTIDAE

() -

FAMILY HELOGENEIDAE

() -

FAMILY HEPTAPTERIDAE

() -

FAMILY HETEROPNEUSTIDAE - AIRSAC CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY HYPOPHTHALMIDAE - LOWEYE CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY ICTALURIDAE - BULLHEAD CATFISHES

Bullhead Catfishes (Ameiurus spp.) - EOL - (Kansas)
Blue Catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) - EOL - (Kansas)
Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) - EOL - (Shedd Aquarium, Tampa Aquarium)
Madtoms (Noturus spp.) - EOL - (Smokies, Kansas)
Flathead Catfish (Pylodictis olivaris) - EOL - (Kansas, Shedd Aquarium, Milwaukee Zoo)

FAMILY LACANTUNIIDAE -

() -

FAMILY LORICARIIDAE - SUCKERMOUTH ARMORED CATFISHES

Suckermouth Catfish/Plecostomus (Hypostomus plecostomus) - EOL - SCZ, Omaha Zoo

FAMILY MALAPTERURIDAE - ELECTRIC CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY MOCHOKIDAE - SQUEAKERS

() -

FAMILY NEMATOGENYIDAE

Mountain Catfish (Nematogenys inermis) - EOL - (South America)

FAMILY OLYRIDAE

() -

FAMILY PANGASIIDAE

() -

FAMILY PARAKYSIDAE

() -

FAMILY PIMELODIDAE - LONG-WISKERED CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY PLOTOSIDAE - EELTAIL CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY PSEUDOPIMELODIDAE - BUMBLEBEE CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY SCHILBEIDAE - SCHILBID CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY SCOLOPLACIDAE

() -

FAMILY SILURIDAE - SHEATFISHES

() -

FAMILY SISORIDAE - SISORID CATFISHES

() -

FAMILY TRICHOMYCTERIDAE - PENCIL CATFISHES

Candiru (Vandellia cirrhosa) - EOL - (South America) - Called "Spiky Candiru" in the movie Medicine Man. Has been known to swim into the urethra of a human urinating in the water.

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