Experiencing Life - Sauropsida

36-IV
SAUROPSIDA
Squamata

Six-Lined Race Runner (Aspidoscelis sexlineata) at Konza Prairie.

Chapter Outline

Sources

NCBI Tree | Paleo Tree

Links to external sites will appear in pop-up windows.

Squamata is an order containing most lizards and all snakes (in the NCBI database). All but the infraorder Serpentes, the snakes, will be explored on this page. In the Paleobiology Database, the snakes are not a subgroup of Squamata but in a group called Pythonomorpha.

Dibamidae
Bifurcata
- Gekkota
- Unidentata
  - Scinciformata
  - Episquamata
    - Laterata - Legless Lizards, Whiptails
    - Toxicofera
      - Iguania
      - Anguimorpha
      - Serpentes - Snakes (following page)
>>> Paleo Tree - Mosasaurs, etc.

GEKKOTA

Standing's Day Gecko (Phelsuma standingi)

The infraorder Gekkota contains the geckos.

FAMILY EUBLEPHARIDAE
- Western Banded Gecko (Coleonyx variegatus) - EOL- Sonoran Desert
- Eastern Leopard Gecko (Eublepharis macularius) - EOL- SCZ, San Diego Zoo, El Paso Zoo
FAMILY GEKKONIDAE
- Standing's Day Gecko (Phelsuma standingi) -NOAH EOL IUCN Map- SCZ
- Tropical Asian Geckos (Gekko) - EOL- Omaha Zoo, San Diego Zoo
- Flat-Tail Geckos (Uroplatus) - EOL- Omaha Zoo, San Diego Zoo
- Madagascar Day Gecko (Phelsuma madagascariensis) - EOL- SCZ
- New Caledonia Giant Gecko (Rhacodactylus leachianus) - EOL- SCZ
FAMILY PHYLLODACTYLIDAE
- EOL
FAMILY SPHAERODACTYLIDAE
- Reef Gecko (Sphaerodactylus notatus) - EOL- Florida Keys
SUPERFAMILY PYGOPOIDEA
- FAMILY CARPHODACTYLIDAE
  - EOL
- FAMILY DIPLODACTYLIDAE
  - EOL
- FAMILY PYGOPODIDAE
  - Snake-Lizards (Lialis) - EOL- Dallas Zoo, Bronx Zoo

Resources:

SCINCIFORMATA

Great Plains Skink (Eumeces obsoletus)

The infraorder Scincomorpha contains the scincomorph lizards.

FAMILY SCINCIDAE - SKINKS
- Great Plains Skink (Eumeces obsoletus) -NOAH EOL IUCN Map- Greenwood County, Kansas
- Ocellated Skink (Chalcides ocellatus) - EOL- SCZ
- Solomon Island Skink (Corucia zebrata) - EOL- SCZ
- Eastern Skink (Scincus mitranus) - EOL- SCZ
- Various - EOL- Everglades
FAMILY XANTUSIIDAE
- Desert Night Lizard (Xantusia vigilis) - EOL IUCN Map- Dinosaur NM, Sonoran Desert Museum
SUPERFAMILY CORDYLOIDEA
- FAMILY CORDYLIDAE - SPINYTAIL LIZARDS
  - Girdled Lizards (Cordylus) - EOL- San Diego Zoo, Philadelphia Zoo
- FAMILY GERRHOSAURIDAE - PLATED LIZARDS
  - Plated Lizards (Gerrhosaurus) - EOL- SCZ, Omaha Zoo, San Diego Zoo

Resources:
Great Plains Skink (Eumeces obsoletus). Herps of Texas. Texas Memorial Museum. http://www.herpsoftexas.org/content/great-plains-skink.

LATERATA

Whiptail (Cnemidophorus sp.)

The parvorder Amphisbaenia contains the legless lizards. Of course snakes are legless as well but there are differences between snakes and these so-called worm-lizards. Recently (as of 2013), the superfamily Teiioidea was moved into the group.

LACERTIBAENIA
- FAMILY LACERTIDAE
  - Jeweled Lacerta (Lacerta lepida lepida) - EOL- SCZ
  - Painted Long-Tailed Lizard (Latastia longicaudata) - EOL- SCZ
  - Ruin Lizard (Podarcis sicula) - EOL IUCN Map- SCZ
  - Common Lizard (Lacerta vivipara) - EOL IUCN Map
- PARVORDER AMPHISBAENIA
  - FAMILY AMPHISBAENIDAE
    - Tropical Worm Lizards - EOL
  - FAMILY BIPEDIDAE - TWO-LEGGED WORM LIZARDS
    - Ajolote Lizard (Bipes biporus) - EOL IUCN Map
  - FAMILY BLANIDAE
    - EOL
  - FAMILY CADEIDAE
    - EOL
  - FAMILY RHINEURIDAE
    - Florida Worm Lizard (Rhineura floridana) - EOL IUCN Map- Central Florida
  - FAMILY TROGONOPHIDAE
    - Checkerboard Worm Lizards (Trogonophis) - EOL
SUPERFAMILY TEIIOIDEA
- FAMILY GYMNOPHTHALMIDAE
  - Spectacled Tegus - EOL
- FAMILY TEIIDAE - WHIPTAILS
  - Whiptail (Cnemidophorus sp.) -NOAH EOL- Dinosaur NM, SCZ, Sonoran Desert
  - Six-Lined Race Runner (Aspidoscelis sexlineata) -NOAH EOL IUCN Map- Konza Prairie
  - Common Tegu (Tupinambis teguixin) - EOL IUCN Map- Omaha Zoo
  - Desert Grassland Whiptail (Aspidoscelis uniparens) - EOL IUCN Map- SCZ
  - Argentine Black & White Tegu (Tupinambis merianae) - EOL IUCN Map- SCZ

Resources:

Amphisbaenia
Florida worm lizard (Rhineura floridana) - the only amphisbanian native to the U.S.

IGUANIA

Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus collaris)

TEXT

FAMILY IGUANIDAE
- Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) -NOAH EOL IUCN Map- Konza Prairie, SCZ, Sonoran Desert
- Grand Cayman Blue Iguana (Cyclura nubila lewisi) -NOAH EOL- SCZ
- Tree Iguanas (Liolaemus spp.) - EOL- Wildlife World Zoo
- Basilisk/Jesus Lizard (Basiliscus basiliscus) - EOL
- Anoles (Anolis spp.) - EOL- Everglades
- Sonoran Spiney Tailed Iguana (Ctenosaura hemilopha) - EOL- SCZ
- Rock Iguanas (Cyclura spp.) - EOL- SCZ
- Desert Iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis) - EOL- Sonoran Desert
- Iguana (Iguana iguana) - EOL- SCZ
- Horned Lizards (Phrynosoma spp.) - EOL- Sonoran Desert
- Chuckwalla (Sauromalus obesus) - EOL- Sonoran Desert
- Spiny Lizards (Sceloporus spp.) - EOL- Dinosaur NM, Sonoran Desert
- Tree Lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) - EOL- Sonoran Desert
ACRODONTA
- FAMILY AGAMIDAE
  - Spiny-Tailed Lizard (Uromastyx sp.) - NOAH EOL- SCZ
  - Frilled Lizard (Chlamydosaurus kingii) - EOL
  - Javan Forest Dragon (Gonocephalus chamaeleontinus) - EOL- SCZ
  - Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii) - EOL- SCZ
  - Bearded Dragon (Pogona vitticeps) - EOL- SCZ, Omaha Zoo
- FAMILY CHAMAELEONIDAE
  - Veiled Chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) -NOAH EOL IUCN Map- SCZ
  - Bearded Pygmy Chameleon (Brookesia brevicaudata) - EOL- SCZ

Resources:

Iguanas

ANGUIMORPHA

Sheltopusiks (Pseudopus apodus)

The parvorder Anguimorpha contains the anguimorph lizards.

PALEOANGUIMORPHA
- FAMILY SHINISAURIDAE
  - Chinese Crocodile Lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) - EOL- Omaha Zoo, SCZ
- SUPERFAMILY VARANOIDEA
  - FAMILY LANTHANOTIDAE
    - Earless Monitors - EOL
  - FAMILY VARANIDAE
    - Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis) - EOL- SCZ
    - Gould's Monitor (Varanus gouldii) - EOL- SCZ
    - Mertens' Water Monitor (Varanus mertensi) - EOL- SCZ
    - Monitors (Varanus spp.) - EOL- SanDiego Zoo, El Paso Zoo
NEOANGUIMORPHA
- FAMILY HELODERMATIDAE
  - Gila Monster (Heloderma suspectum) - EOL- Sonoran Desert, Omaha Zoo, SCZ
  - Mexican Beaded Lizard (Heloderma horridum) - EOL- SCZ
- FAMILY XENOSAURIDAE
  - Rock Lizards (Xenosaurus spp.) - EOL- San Antonio Zoo, Fort Worth Zoo
- ANGUIOIDEA
  - FAMILY ANGUIDAE
    - Sheltopusik (Pseudopus apodus) - NOAH EOL- SCZ
    - Terrestrial Arboreal Alligator Lizard (Abronia graminea) - EOL- SCZ
    - Glass Lizards (Ophisaurus spp.) - EOL- Everglades
  - FAMILY ANNIELLIDAE
    - Legless Lizards - EOL
>>> Paleo Tree - Mosasaurs, etc.

Resources:

DIBAMIDAE

The family Dibamidae includes the dibamid lizards, which are legless.

EOL WIK

Resources:

Dibamidae - blind lizards. University College London. http://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/obl4he/vertebratediversity/dibamidae.html.
Intercontinental dispersal by a microendemic burrowing reptile (Dibamidae). Ted M. Townsend,* Dean H. Leavitt, and Tod W. Reeder. The Royal Society. 2011. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136834/.
A New Species of Dibamus (Squamata: Dibamidae) from West Malaysia. Raul E. Diaz, Ming Tzi Leong, L. Lee Grismer, and Norsham S. Yaakob. 2004. http://lasierra.edu/fileadmin/documents/biology/Grismer_s_Publications__1_/Dibamus.pdf.

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